1 00:00:01,856 --> 00:00:03,136 The next members 2 00:00:03,136 --> 00:00:05,316 of the International Space Station's crew come 3 00:00:05,316 --> 00:00:06,736 from three different countries. 4 00:00:07,056 --> 00:00:09,206 Yet they plan to work for a shared goal -- 5 00:00:09,206 --> 00:00:12,486 getting humankind ready to fly farther from Earth 6 00:00:12,856 --> 00:00:14,186 than this station can go. 7 00:00:14,186 --> 00:00:18,506 Canadian Space Agency astronaut Chris Hadfield was born 8 00:00:18,506 --> 00:00:22,346 in Sarnia, Ontario, and grew up there and on a farm 9 00:00:22,346 --> 00:00:23,886 in Milton, near Toronto. 10 00:00:24,456 --> 00:00:26,266 The space race had captured his imagination 11 00:00:26,266 --> 00:00:27,556 by the time he was nine 12 00:00:27,686 --> 00:00:29,786 and watched Neil Armstrong walk on the moon. 13 00:00:30,246 --> 00:00:32,156 And Hadfield thought to himself, 14 00:00:32,356 --> 00:00:33,736 "I'm going to grow up to be something. 15 00:00:34,056 --> 00:00:35,276 Why not that?" 16 00:00:35,506 --> 00:00:36,426 "But then when I looking 17 00:00:36,426 --> 00:00:38,496 around I'm thinking I'm a nine-year old kid. 18 00:00:38,706 --> 00:00:39,416 I'm a Canadian. 19 00:00:39,416 --> 00:00:40,186 What are my odds? 20 00:00:40,186 --> 00:00:40,946 Not very good. 21 00:00:41,116 --> 00:00:42,356 But I thought well you know 22 00:00:42,356 --> 00:00:44,476 up until yesterday people couldn't even go 23 00:00:44,476 --> 00:00:45,176 and walk on the moon. 24 00:00:45,176 --> 00:00:47,356 And now they can, so maybe I can too. 25 00:00:48,436 --> 00:00:50,866 And so I started getting ready that night. 26 00:00:51,296 --> 00:00:53,996 Basically started, what do I need to do next? 27 00:00:54,706 --> 00:00:56,836 Hadfield got into advanced courses in school 28 00:00:56,836 --> 00:00:58,916 and on the academic track that led to college. 29 00:00:59,286 --> 00:01:02,396 But he also became a ski instructor while learning how 30 00:01:02,396 --> 00:01:05,236 to fly as a member of Canada's air cadets. 31 00:01:05,596 --> 00:01:07,326 "They teach them a bunch of technical things. 32 00:01:07,326 --> 00:01:08,686 They teach them self-discipline. 33 00:01:08,866 --> 00:01:10,496 They give them levels of responsibility 34 00:01:10,496 --> 00:01:12,376 that they might not get otherwise as teenagers. 35 00:01:12,486 --> 00:01:14,556 And in my case I spent one summer learning 36 00:01:14,556 --> 00:01:16,916 to be a glider pilot and getting my glider pilot's license. 37 00:01:17,106 --> 00:01:20,246 And right at the age of 16 I became a powered pilot." 38 00:01:20,616 --> 00:01:22,856 Hadfield joined the Canadian Armed Forces right 39 00:01:22,856 --> 00:01:24,906 out of high school and earned a Bachelor's 40 00:01:24,906 --> 00:01:27,746 in Mechanical Engineering from the Royal Military College. 41 00:01:27,836 --> 00:01:31,916 After jet training he flew the Canadian version of the F-18 42 00:01:31,916 --> 00:01:35,346 for NORAD, attended the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School 43 00:01:35,616 --> 00:01:38,816 and served as an exchange officer with the U.S. Navy 44 00:01:38,816 --> 00:01:42,066 at the Pawtuxent River Naval Air Station while earning a Masters 45 00:01:42,066 --> 00:01:45,116 in Aviation Systems from the University of Tennessee. 46 00:01:45,846 --> 00:01:47,586 Hadfield was selected as an astronaut 47 00:01:47,586 --> 00:01:50,886 by the Canadian Space Agency in 1992 and assigned 48 00:01:50,886 --> 00:01:52,616 to the Johnson Space Center in Houston. 49 00:01:53,116 --> 00:01:56,546 On his first spaceflight, the 1995 shuttle mission 50 00:01:56,546 --> 00:01:59,536 that delivered a docking module to the Mir Space Station, 51 00:01:59,976 --> 00:02:01,626 he became the first Canadian 52 00:02:01,626 --> 00:02:04,306 to operate the shuttle's Canadarm on-orbit. 53 00:02:04,566 --> 00:02:06,696 After serving as chief astronaut 54 00:02:06,696 --> 00:02:09,296 for CSA he made his second flight 55 00:02:09,296 --> 00:02:12,446 on the 2001 shuttle mission that delivered Canadarm2 56 00:02:12,446 --> 00:02:14,446 to the International Space Station. 57 00:02:14,766 --> 00:02:18,006 And he performed two spacewalks, the first ever made 58 00:02:18,006 --> 00:02:19,376 by a Canadian astronaut. 59 00:02:20,136 --> 00:02:22,786 Hadfield served as NASA's Director of Operations 60 00:02:22,786 --> 00:02:25,976 in Star City, Russia, retired from the Canadian Air Force 61 00:02:25,976 --> 00:02:29,056 as a colonel and then served in a variety of roles 62 00:02:29,056 --> 00:02:32,636 within NASA's Astronaut Office before getting this assignment 63 00:02:32,746 --> 00:02:36,116 to support the research onboard the International Space Station. 64 00:02:36,596 --> 00:02:40,066 "And it is our big proving ground. 65 00:02:40,066 --> 00:02:43,546 It's our test track for building spaceships in the future 66 00:02:43,716 --> 00:02:47,126 and it is therefore the diving board, the launching board, 67 00:02:47,336 --> 00:02:48,386 that's going to allow us 68 00:02:48,386 --> 00:02:51,576 to confidently go further away from Earth." 69 00:02:51,636 --> 00:02:55,416 Retired Russian Air Force Colonel Roman Romanenko was born 70 00:02:55,416 --> 00:02:58,576 in Schelkovo near Moscow and grew up in Star City 71 00:02:58,576 --> 00:03:00,546 at the center of the cosmonaut community. 72 00:03:01,016 --> 00:03:03,356 His father, cosmonaut Yuri Romanenko, 73 00:03:03,356 --> 00:03:06,956 flew three times before his son graduated from high school. 74 00:03:07,366 --> 00:03:11,256 So the idea of being a cosmonaut wasn't so romantic to the son. 75 00:03:11,936 --> 00:03:17,026 "We never went on a trip, or on a picnic, or business trip. 76 00:03:17,026 --> 00:03:21,286 I was always with my dad and I would just always be in contact 77 00:03:21,286 --> 00:03:24,096 with cosmonauts and I thought it would be always normal 78 00:03:24,096 --> 00:03:24,916 to be with them. 79 00:03:25,046 --> 00:03:26,916 There's nothing special about it for me." 80 00:03:27,396 --> 00:03:29,986 But he did want to be a military pilot. 81 00:03:30,306 --> 00:03:32,876 So after high school Romanenko followed his father 82 00:03:32,876 --> 00:03:34,016 into the Air Force. 83 00:03:34,306 --> 00:03:37,526 He graduated from the Suvorov Military School in Leningrad 84 00:03:37,666 --> 00:03:40,166 and the Chernikov Higher Military School of Pilots. 85 00:03:40,646 --> 00:03:44,326 But after the fall of the Soviet Union young Air Force pilots had 86 00:03:44,326 --> 00:03:46,586 fewer opportunities to fly fighters. 87 00:03:47,026 --> 00:03:50,216 Romanenko found himself co-piloting cargo transport 88 00:03:50,516 --> 00:03:53,696 and ferrying cosmonauts to their launch site in Kazakhstan. 89 00:03:53,976 --> 00:03:57,896 "They weren't allowing me to fly a lot 90 00:03:57,896 --> 00:04:00,516 and so I started thinking about changing jobs. 91 00:04:01,086 --> 00:04:03,486 Maybe find something related to that. 92 00:04:04,226 --> 00:04:07,946 And right at that moment I was told that they're looking 93 00:04:07,946 --> 00:04:13,636 for applicants to join the cosmonauts. 94 00:04:14,816 --> 00:04:15,786 And I thought why not? 95 00:04:15,786 --> 00:04:17,236 I give it a try as well." 96 00:04:18,106 --> 00:04:21,756 Romanenko was selected as a cosmonaut candidate in 1997 97 00:04:22,056 --> 00:04:23,456 and made his first spaceflight 98 00:04:23,456 --> 00:04:27,686 in 2009 commanding the Soyuz spacecraft that brought he 99 00:04:27,686 --> 00:04:30,136 and two crewmates to the International Space Station 100 00:04:30,416 --> 00:04:34,466 to expand its crew to six for the first time on Expedition 20. 101 00:04:35,146 --> 00:04:37,696 Romanenko has also served as deputy commander 102 00:04:37,696 --> 00:04:40,516 of Russia's cosmonaut corps while his nation has worked 103 00:04:40,516 --> 00:04:42,016 with its international partners 104 00:04:42,206 --> 00:04:44,056 to get ready for the next journey. 105 00:04:44,446 --> 00:04:49,336 "If everything is going well, if we are able 106 00:04:49,336 --> 00:04:53,456 to successfully follow the program, the flight program, 107 00:04:53,456 --> 00:04:55,686 even while orbiting Earth 108 00:04:56,066 --> 00:04:59,586 with this rich experience we'll be able to reach other planets 109 00:04:59,586 --> 00:05:00,986 as well with no problems." 110 00:05:01,556 --> 00:05:05,176 Dr. Tom Marshburn is native of Statesville, North Carolina, 111 00:05:05,606 --> 00:05:07,176 the seventh of seven children 112 00:05:07,176 --> 00:05:09,546 who loved working and playing outdoors. 113 00:05:09,866 --> 00:05:12,876 He remembers being excited to watch the first moonwalk 114 00:05:12,966 --> 00:05:15,296 because it fed into his love of adventure. 115 00:05:15,596 --> 00:05:17,376 "I always loved to draw and to paint. 116 00:05:17,796 --> 00:05:21,236 It was in high school that I thought you know, 117 00:05:21,356 --> 00:05:23,176 the space program is interesting to me, 118 00:05:23,176 --> 00:05:25,146 specifically the space program that got me 119 00:05:25,146 --> 00:05:27,326 into the technical field and I just switched completely. 120 00:05:27,326 --> 00:05:31,246 I concentrated on math, science and fell in love 121 00:05:31,246 --> 00:05:32,296 with the physics classes." 122 00:05:32,296 --> 00:05:36,216 After high school in Atlanta he earned his Bachelor's in Physics 123 00:05:36,216 --> 00:05:38,666 from Davidson College and a Masters in Physics 124 00:05:38,666 --> 00:05:40,236 from the University of Virginia. 125 00:05:40,236 --> 00:05:44,246 But he also came to understand that his talents might lie more 126 00:05:44,346 --> 00:05:45,526 in working with people. 127 00:05:46,166 --> 00:05:48,416 "I actually came down to the Johnson Space Center 128 00:05:48,416 --> 00:05:50,566 and started knocking on doors asking for a job 129 00:05:51,006 --> 00:05:52,516 after I received my Masters degree. 130 00:05:53,016 --> 00:05:54,286 One of the doctor's that worked here said, 131 00:05:54,286 --> 00:05:56,986 you ought to get a medical degree cause NASA's going 132 00:05:56,986 --> 00:05:57,876 to need doctors some day. 133 00:05:58,846 --> 00:05:59,216 So I did." 134 00:06:00,456 --> 00:06:03,286 Marshburn earned a Doctor of Medicine at Wake Forest, 135 00:06:03,556 --> 00:06:06,656 trained as an emergency room physician in Toledo, Ohio, 136 00:06:06,976 --> 00:06:10,766 and then worked in an ER in Seattle before being accepted 137 00:06:10,766 --> 00:06:13,536 in the first class of NASA's Space Medicine Fellowship 138 00:06:13,536 --> 00:06:15,826 program to train as a flight surgeon. 139 00:06:16,426 --> 00:06:18,826 In that role for NASA, Marshburn has worked 140 00:06:18,826 --> 00:06:21,456 in the shuttle program, in Star City, Russia, 141 00:06:21,456 --> 00:06:23,446 for NASA personnel assigned as part 142 00:06:23,446 --> 00:06:25,476 of the International Space Station Program 143 00:06:25,866 --> 00:06:29,496 and as lead flight surgeon for shuttle and station crews. 144 00:06:29,936 --> 00:06:32,526 He was selected as an astronaut in 2004 145 00:06:32,866 --> 00:06:34,416 and made his first spaceflight 146 00:06:34,506 --> 00:06:37,136 on a 2009 space shuttle mission during 147 00:06:37,136 --> 00:06:40,396 which he made three spacewalks to complete the construction 148 00:06:40,396 --> 00:06:42,276 of the Kibo laboratory complex 149 00:06:42,546 --> 00:06:45,636 and get the International Space Station in shape for its mission 150 00:06:45,896 --> 00:06:48,736 as a test bed that will help human beings prepare 151 00:06:48,736 --> 00:06:51,376 for the next stage of space exploration. 152 00:06:51,776 --> 00:06:54,386 "You'd have to build something and then test it 153 00:06:54,386 --> 00:06:56,366 out over a long period of time. 154 00:06:56,366 --> 00:06:58,266 Well that's what the space station is. 155 00:06:58,836 --> 00:07:02,676 And with the Russian technology, with a lot of technology, 156 00:07:02,676 --> 00:07:06,416 the international partners have come up with, we're able to find 157 00:07:06,416 --> 00:07:10,516 out how we can maintain these things we call people